Artisanal Mining
FEco grade
Upstream2 facilities tracked
Unregulated strip mining and open-pit extraction conducted without formal environmental controls, safety standards, or rehabilitation obligations. Characterised by mass deforestation, topsoil removal, and uncontrolled runoff into rivers and groundwater.
Ratings
Capital Outlay$ Low
Technical DifficultyLow
Geopolitical SensitivityExtreme
Energy Intensity⚡ Low
Environmental Footprint🍂🍂🍂 F - Highest environmental impact
Value Add1x
Technical MoatLow
Material Flow
INIonic Clay Deposit / In-situ Ore
OUTExposed Ore / Weathered Clay
Waste Outputs
- Overburden spoil
- Eroded topsoil
- Uncontrolled surface runoff
- Deforested land
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Technical Moat
LowNo technical moat. Low capital, no permitting, no rehabilitation obligations. The competitive advantage is complete disregard for environmental and social standards, enabling extraction at negligible cost with no accountability.
