Europium (Eu)

Atomic Number: 63 • Group: HREE

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151.964

Europium

HREE

Primary Uses

Red/Blue phosphors (displays), Security inks, LED lighting

Scarcity & Economic Profile

Crustal Abundance

1.1-2.1 ppm

Primary Economic Driver

Phosphors (Screens/TVs)

Geological Scarcity

LowMediumHighExtremeTotal

Supply Risk

N/ALowMediumHighExtreme

Primary Mining Countries

China Myanmar Russia

Primary Processing Countries

China Japan

Sources - Crustal Abundance

Rudnick, R. L., & Gao, S. (2003). Composition of the Continental Crust. Treatise on Geochemistry, 3, 1-64.
Taylor, S. R., & McLennan, S. M. (1985). The Continental Crust: Its Composition and Evolution. Blackwell Scientific Publications.
Wedepohl, K. H. (1995). The composition of the continental crust. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 59(7), 1217-1232.
U.S. Geological Survey. (2026). Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026. U.S. Department of the Interior.

Short Description

Europium produces the most efficient red and blue phosphors for display technologies, LED lighting, and fluorescent lamps. It is one of the rarest and most valuable rare earths, also used in anti-counterfeiting measures for banknotes due to its distinctive fluorescence under UV light.