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Yttrium (Y)

Atomic Number: 39 • Group: HREE

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39
88.906
Y
Yttrium
HREE

Primary Uses

Red phosphors for displays (LEDs, LCDs), Ceramics, Lasers

Scarcity & Economic Profile

Crustal Abundance

28-33 ppm

Primary Economic Driver

LEDs, lasers, and ceramics

Geological Scarcity

LowMediumHighExtremeTotal

Supply Risk

N/ALowMediumHighExtreme

Primary Mining Countries

ChinaMyanmarIndiaAustralia

Primary Processing Countries

ChinaJapan

Sources - Crustal Abundance

  1. Rudnick, R. L., & Gao, S. (2003). Composition of the Continental Crust. Treatise on Geochemistry, 3, 1-64.
  2. Taylor, S. R., & McLennan, S. M. (1985). The Continental Crust: Its Composition and Evolution. Blackwell Scientific Publications.
  3. Wedepohl, K. H. (1995). The composition of the continental crust. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 59(7), 1217-1232.
  4. U.S. Geological Survey. (2026). Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026. U.S. Department of the Interior.

Short Description

Yttrium is essential for red phosphors in LED and display technologies, enabling vibrant color reproduction in screens and lighting. It is also used in high-performance ceramics, superconductors, and microwave filters for telecommunications infrastructure.

Found In

Found In Ore Types

Carbonatite / XenotimeComplex OreDeep Sea MudEudialyteIonic Adsorption ClayMineral SandsMonazitePegmatiteXenotimeZircon / HREE

Mining Projects

Projects targeting ore types that contain Y.

Serra Verde Mine
Serra VerdeBrazil
OperatingStage 4/4
Manavalakurichi (MK)
IREL (India) LimitedIndia
OperatingStage 4/4
Chavara Mineral Division
IREL (India) LimitedIndia
OperatingStage 4/4
Mount Weld
Lynas Rare EarthsAustralia
OperatingStage 4/4
OSCOM Mine
IREL (India) LimitedIndia
OperatingStage 4/4
Yen Phu Rare Earth Mine
Thai Duong GroupVietnam
OperatingStage 4/4